How do they make the nutrient for the plants?

[Annies]

What chemicals and hormones' is added to the water ? is it natural or chemical additives.? how expensive is it compare to planting in the normal ground?

[srinivas]

The "chemicals" are mineral nutrient salts – the same inorganic ions (like nitrate, potassium, calcium) that plants absorb from soil. They are not pesticides or synthetic hormones.

What's in it? The main mixes are N-P-K (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium) plus Calcium, Magnesium, and trace metals like Iron and Zinc.

Natural or Chemical? This is a philosophy debate, not a science one. The molecules are identical to what soil plants consume. However, they are derived from mineral salts, so it's not "organic" in the dirt-farming sense. You can get certified organic hydroponic nutrients, but they are less common.

Cost Comparison:

Startup Cost: Hydroponics is significantly more expensive. You need a system, pumps, nutrients, pH meters, etc.

Long-Term Cost: It can be more efficient. You save on water, fertilizer waste, and pesticides. Over time, the higher yields can offset the initial cost, but it's rarely "cheaper" than a simple backyard soil garden for a home grower.

[shilparamam]

There are some simple setups that cost very little if you make them yourself. If you are very new to hydroponics, then get a kit that can give you a kickstart for your loved plants. There are some nutrients that can be added into the water in order to grow healthy plants, and all these items are available in the shops, so no need to worry.